Gas-engine



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C. W. BALDWIN.l

Y GAS ENGINE. No. 407,321. lPatented July 23 M W m l l l l 1 l l l l 1 ll l l l l l l A n,

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C. W. BALDWIN.

GAS ENGINE.

No. 407,321. Patented July 23, 1889.

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GAS ENGINE. v

No. 407.321. Patented July 2s, 1889.

UNITED STATES PATENT GFFICE.

cYRUs W. BALDWIN, or YoNKERs, NEW YORK, AssIGNoR To WILLIAM n. HALE, OFCHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

GAS-ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 407,321, dated July 23,1889.

Serial No. 287,623. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CYRUs W. BALDwIN,a citizen of the United States, anda resident of Yonkers, in the county of Vestchester and State of NewYork, have invented certain new and usefullmprovements in Gas-Engines,of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to gas-engines in which the movements of thepiston are effected by the rapid explosion of successive charges ofexplosive mixture; and the invention consists in the method of supplyingthe charges to the cylinder without previously forming or storingexplosive mixture in any other portion of the engine, as fully set forthhereinafter, and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which-Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of a gas-engineconstructed in accordance with my invention; Fig. 2, a longitudinalsection of the cylinder; Fig. 3, a sectional plan on the line 3 3, Fig.2 Fig. 4, a section on the line 4 4, Fig. 3; Fig. 5, a longitudinalsection through the cylinder, showing a modiiication; Fig. G, asectional plan on the line 6 6, Fig. 5.

The cylinder A is supported upon the bed, and the piston B is connectedby the pistonrod and connecting-rod with the crank of a shaft C. Ahollow casing D below the cylinder is divided by a partition 3 into twochambers and y, communicating near the forward end, thechambercommunicating with an air-inlet port 4, to which leads a pipe 5,havin g a valve-casing 7, and an inlet-valve G at the outer end, and aport 8 leads from the chamber c to the forward end of the cylinder. Atthe rear end of the cylinder is a port 9, passage to which is closed andopened by a valve 10 above a valve-casing 12, which com- Inunicates withthe chamberaI through apassage 13, Figs. 3 and 4, with which passagealso communicates the rear end of the chamber y. Gas is admitted to therear end of the chamber y through a port 42 and gas-pipe 14, providedwith a cock 15 and check-valve 16.

The cylinder A is provided with an exhaustport 44 at the lower side nearthe center, and the extension 17 of the piston is of such a length as tocover this port when the piston is at the end of its rearward movement,and an an- Dular space w around the piston permits any gases leakinground the piston to escape to the exhaust instead of finding their wayto the forward end of the cylinder. The cylinder is provided with asuitable ignitor at the rear end, as will be hereinafter more fullydescribed.

When the pist-on moves to the rear, the air will be drawn into theforward or pump end 6o of the cylinder through the casing 7, pipe 5, andports 4 and 8, and a smaller quantity of gas (determined by the positionof the cock 15) will be drawn by the same action of the piston into therear end of the chamber y. As the piston moves forward, the air will beexpelled from the pump end of the cylinder into the chambers and y, thegreater portion passing along the chamber :n and passage 13 to thevalve-casing 12, and a smaller por- 7o tion carrying with it the gasfrom the chamber y into the casing 12, and from the latter the mixed airand gas, now forming an explosive mixture, passes through the port 9into the rear end of the cylinder, where it is exploded as the pistonreaches its rear position. By thus drawing in regular but separatedquantities of air and gas and keeping them separated until the charge isneeded, and then thoroughly mixing them on their 8o Way to the cylinder,premature explosions, liable to result when a mixture is stored for anytime, are absolutely prevented. Dierent arrangements of chambers may beemployed, into which the air and gas are drawn separately and yfromwhich they are expelled and brought together on their way to thecylinder, all by the action of the piston B without intervening valves.

To further regulate the quantity of gas, 9o there Inay be a restrictedopening or passage 18 and valve 19 regulating it, so as to determine thevolume of ythe non-explosive mixture of air and gas that passes from thechambery to the casing 12. As the gas'is 95 drawn into the chamber y onthe rearward movement of the piston, it has time before being forcedinto the cylinder to mix with a portion of air, but in such greatrelative proportions that the explosive mixture is not mo produced untilan additional volume of air is combined therewith on the passage to thecylinder. The gas, however, is never drawn forward past the end of thepartition into the chamber y After the explosion takes place the pistonis moved forward and iinally uncovers the exhaust, when the spent gaseswill escape and the pressure in the cylinder will be so reduced that thegases from the casing D will lift the valve 10 and allow a new charge toenter the cylinder, after which the piston will move back and compressthis charge, and the same will then be exploded and again move forwardthe piston as before.

It will be evident that the air an d gas chambers communicating at oneend freely with the pump and with each other, and both at the other endswith a passage leading to the cylinder, may be differently arranged fromthose above described without departing from the Inain features of myinvention. Thus in Figs. G and 7 the easing D is divided by a transversevertical partition (i0, and between the latter and the rear end by atransverse horizontal platform (il, into two chambers a1 gj', thechamber fr being below the chamber `y and communicating with air-chamberat, while the upper chamber x communicates with the chamber y, and thegas inlet or port 42 opens into the chamber y.

The chamber y communicates with an annular port G2, (or series of portsarranged in a circle,) inclosing the central port (i3, whichcommunicates with the air-chamber at', and the valve l covers both theair-port and the ai1and-gas port.

A-s the mixture in the chamber y or y has such a surplus of as not to beexplosive, the explosive mixture cannot be formed until the valve israised and the contents of both chambers pass into the passage 9, whichconstitutes, practically, a part of the explosion-chamber.

The mixture of too great an amount of air with the gas in the chamber yor y y may be prevented by contracting the latter toward the rear. (Onemeans shown in Figs. G and 7) consists in placing a partition GGparallel to the partition 3.

To prevent the charge from flowing from the port 9 directto theexhaust-port, a plate 4S) is suspended in the cylinder directly in theline of the in flowing gases,

The extent to which the valve l0 rises determines the volume of thecharge, and the force of the explosion is in proportion to this volume,and the volumes are varied bythe movements of a wedge E, which isinterposed between the casing l2 and a nut 20, carried limit the lift ofthe xf'alve, and decrease the charge when the speed increases.

lThe governor may be of any suitable character, so as to move back therod 23 when the speed increases, and move it forward when the speeddecreases.

The charge may be ignited by an electric spark from a dynamo moved bythe engine or by a flame-ignitor of ordinary construction.

I do not here claim the construction of the engine shown and described,as the same constitutes the subject of a separate application, SerialNo. 280,735.

lithout limiting myself to the precise construction and arrangement ot'parts shown, I claim- 1. The within-described improvement in supplyingthe cylinder of a gas-engine with charges of explosive mixture, the sameconsisting in drawing air into two chambers, each independent of thegas-chamber, and

Y gas-also into one of them, and in then forcing the contents from saidchambers and mixing the same together only after they reach theexplosion-ehamber, substantially as described.

2. The mode of supplying the cylinder of a gas-engine with lcharges ofexplosive mixture, consisting in supplying one chamber with a mixture ofair and gas having an exxcess of gas, supplying another chamber withair, forcing the contents from both chambers and bringing them togetherin the explosionchamber of the engine, substantially as dcseribed.

In testimony whereof I have sign ed my n am e to this speciiication inthe presence of two subscribin g witnesses.

CYRUS YV. BALDXVIN.

lVitnesses:

WILLIAM RILEY, GRIFFITH JOHN.

IOO

